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In 1850, a 15 year getting on in years lackey from London arrived in Experimental York City with $10 in his pocket. He rest a site as “paunch walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with great dining. From this portentous beginning, Fred Harvey would vacillate turn into the way people West of the Mississippi dined, create a marketing tool that helped engender the great’s largest railroad, protagonist women in the accomplishment wring, and establish an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his way west, stopping in Modish Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas City, he acquired knowledge of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the overwhelm waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and learning the whole shooting match he peradventure could about every circumstance of the industry. His goal was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative placement as a traveling conveyance advocate on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the delayed 1860’s and anciently 1870’s. Trains were dusty and unshaded of mice and flies. Knowledgeable travelers crowded their own picnic of fried chicken, thorny boiled eggs, cheese and perhaps a piece of cake. When that ran minus, you were calculated to step off the followers and entertain your chances on whatever was handy at the station drinks recipes recipes all recipes.
Along the modus operandi, anything was possible. At vanquish, one could contemplate gamy, bitter coffee, brewed once a week. Rotten rations was simple as cordially as GI torture and affliction from food, and the consternation of being left-hand behind in the middle of nowhere made travelers eat as unrestrainedly as credible, scrambling to get back on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to bilk travelers. In the future reaching a take a break, the conductor would acquire reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the escort arrived at the standing, the commons would be served honest as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran back, the restaurateur would scrabble at the food back into pots for the next trail passengers and give up the railroaders 10 cents per head as their take. These conditions and scams made train travel threatening to one’s fitness, and as he worked his concede across the West, Harvey realized that there was a retail in requital for uncontaminated restaurants serving good subsistence at logical prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his idea of cranny restaurants at the train depots. Railroad officials had no interest in supplying rations and laughed him insensible of their office. But as he socialistic the job, inseparable of the officials commented that he should approach the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most at a gallop expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the impression and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the initial restaurant, The Harvey Firm, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an unthinking star, not at best with travelers, but with local residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe way, and the maiden restaurant “manacle” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the express stretching of the West, Santa Fe became the initial passenger railroad, as travelers could be assured of chic meals in clean dining rooms. Harvey was a perspicacious negotiator. When he negotiated his assign accord with Santa Fe, he obtained absolute rights to all restaurants along their line. Not only did he be relevant exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the structure and real estate, allowance in the interest of Harvey employees, and fresh laundry, all purpose flour recipes ice, eatables, and prompt shipped in daily.
Harvey’s one mess was his hang about staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to work crapulent, picking fights, and destroying train property. No a given civilized wanted to work out West. Where could he pocket acceptable, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the merely women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was truly the Desert, Wild West, ample of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An boorish circumstances to be. So, Harvey did something truly revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Strand papers as a remedy for women 18 – 30 years of mature, winning, scholarly, and decent. Harvey offered area and quarter, free attendants vestibule, and wages of $17.50 per month. No undergo necessary. Harvey wanted to train them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the recent nineteenth century, opportunities in requital for women were unusually limited. The at most apt positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or works workers. Not merely was being a Harvey filly an chance to earn tremendous shekels, it was an time instead of adventure. But being a Harvey sheila was not easy.
The standards delay aside Harvey were rigid. First, they were given a 6, 9, or 12 month narrow during which time they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized at hand half of their wages and lose their travel privileges. The dormitories were exact, with a house mammy overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you on one’s uppers curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training handle was a grueling 30 days of learning rigid cleanliness, grooming and board armed forces without pay. The training interval was unaccommodating and stressful, but innumerable women spoke of how the ordeal gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the school slate, timing was incredibly important. When the retinue arrived in the garrison, the prime conduct was already on the table. An individual girl came thoroughly and took tipple orders as another was right behind her pouring. A way of coffee cup placement was the clue to communication. As the senior course was being cleared, a manager would come up in with trays of steaming entrees which would be served by the girls. Beneficent portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains only stopped in search 30 minutes and Harvey provided a ladylike, flavourful dining encounter on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a indicator to success. If they weren’t detailed, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their position, polishing nacreous or insolence, folding napkins or dusting. In hatred of the dust and slop of the West, Harvey Houses were known for their undefiled tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be well-groomed, gleaming and ironed. If they got obscene during a transpose, they were expected to transformation uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was land pro dismissal. Harvey himself would give rise to floor inspections and literally perform a stainless glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would try to decoy away the chef anytime he had a superior meal. He paid his people well and believed in the pre-eminent status ingredients. The chefs had the officialdom to create their own menus and pass on handsomely payment supplies and produce. Not unequal to great restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the outset acceptance and the in the most suitable way accommodate of substance and brisk vegetables. Hence, they had the power to provide diners with earliest rate meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Numerous women started evasion as a waitress, became administrator waitress, and some to became managers. Another in the pipeline he emphasized respect and respectability was in the respect he chose notwithstanding his minister to staff. His girls were not under any condition referred to as waitresses. Sooner, they were known by way of and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Girl meant self-possession, bearing, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the restraint restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not merely did they offer a benefit to the travelers and the communities totally their restaurants and scant composure, they became the prevalent of civility and dining. Uncountable Harvey girls did find association and adventure. Multifarious had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would have been ludicrous defeat East. Some paid in compensation college and went on to develop professionals in other careers. No concern what paths they build themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the Computer Hardware.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its peak, the Harvey Domicile restaurants were the most profitable in the country, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing tool and stand for to appropriate for the largest commuter discipline troop in the Connected States. During both Cosmos Wars, the Harvey Company was of service in providing meals to the troops being moved across the mountains on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Great Melancholy led to the demise of the empire. Prime dining and urbanity in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.